Philip Glass

Life & Operatic Output

Philip Glass stands among the composers represented in the OperaPedia catalogue, with 9 stage works entered into the archive. Working in the American tradition, the composer's operatic output is preserved here in editorial entries that draw on public-domain reference sources and contemporary scholarship.

The Unknown moment in which Philip Glass worked offered a particular set of theatrical and musical conventions: the orchestration vocabularies, the formal expectations of audiences, the standards of vocal writing and stagecraft prevailing in the leading houses, and the close relationship between composer and librettist that defined the working life of every opera composer of the period. The works listed below should be read against that broader cultural and institutional background.

Each individual entry on this page links to a complete article giving the synopsis, premiere details, language of performance, and notable arias for the work in question. Readers consulting OperaPedia for the first time may wish to begin with the most frequently performed of Philip Glass's operas before working outward into the lesser-known corners of the catalogue.

Listeners and students approaching the operatic output of Philip Glass will find that the entries linked below trace a coherent arc through the composer's career. Each opera's individual page in OperaPedia includes the synopsis, the librettist's contribution, the date and venue of the premiere, the language of performance, and notes on the principal arias and ensembles. Where the source data permits, we also note the relationship of each work to the broader currents of Unknown opera.

Operas in the OperaPedia Catalogue

The following 9 operas by Philip Glass are catalogued in OperaPedia, listed in chronological order of premiere. Click any title for the full editorial entry, including synopsis, premiere details, language, and notable arias.

• 1976 Einstein on the Beach, 1976 Théâtre Municipal English
• 1983 Akhnaten, 1983 English
• 1988 1000 Airplanes on the Roof, 1988 Vienna Airport English
• 1990 Hydrogen Jukebox, 1990 English
• 1994 La Belle et la Bête, 1994 Cité de la musique English
• 2000 In the Penal Colony, 2000 English
• 2002 Galileo Galilei, 2002 English
• 2007 Appomattox, 2007 San Francisco Opera English
• 2009 Kepler, 2009 Landestheater English

Stylistic Position & Reception

Philip Glass's position within the operatic canon has been shaped by performance tradition as much as by scholarly judgment. The works that survive in the active repertory of the major houses tend to be those that combine memorable vocal writing with dramatically effective situations · qualities that audiences continue to respond to from one generation to the next. Other works in the catalogue, less frequently performed, often reward closer study by singers, conductors, and dramaturges seeking to broaden the standard repertoire.

Modern scholarship on Philip Glass has been substantially enriched by the publication of critical editions of the major scores, by the rediscovery of forgotten works and revisions, and by the steady documentation of performance history through recordings, theatre archives, and contemporary criticism. The biographical sketch above and the catalogue of works are compiled from public-domain reference sources, including the structured Wikidata layer and the corresponding English Wikipedia article.

Editorial Note

OperaPedia maintains its composer entries as living documents, revised whenever new editorial work justifies a change. If you encounter a factual error in the biographical material above or in the linked opera entries, please write to the editors using the contact details on our about page.